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Research Overview
Dr. Kozal focuses on the genetic determinants of HIV and Hepatitis C drug resistance and investigations into the transmission of HIV drug resistance. Dr. Kozal is the PI on many HIV clinical trials.
Education
Infectious diseases fellowship, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1994
Internal medicine residency, University of Nebraska College of Medicine, 1991
M.D., University of Nebraska, 1988
B.S., Creighton University, 1983
Featured Publications
Kozal, M.J., Shafer, R., Winters, M., Katzenstein, D., Merigan, T.C. A mutation in the HIV reverse transcriptase and decline in CD4 lymphocyte numbers in long term zidovudine recipients. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1993;167:526-32.
Shafer RW, Kozal MJ, Winters MA, Iversen AKN, Katzenstein DA, Ragni MV, Meyer WA, Gupta P, Rasheed S, Coombs R, Katzman D, Fiscus S, Merigan TC. Combination therapy with zidovudine and didanosine selects for drug-resistant HIV-1 strains with unique patterns of pol gene mutations. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1994;169:722-9.
Kozal MJ, Shafer RW, Winters MA, Katzenstein DA, Halpern J, Aguiniga E, Merigan TC. HIV-1 synctium-inducing phenotype, virus burden, codon 215 reverse transcriptase mutation and CD4 cell decline in zidovudine treated patients. Journal of Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome 1994;7:832-838.
Kroodsma K, Kozal MJ, Hamed K, Winters MA, Merigan TC. Detection of drug resistance mutations in HIV pol gene: Differences in semen and blood HIV RNA and proviral DNA. Journal of Infectious Diseases 1994;170:1292-5.
Kozal MJ, Kroodsma K, Winters MA, Katzenstein DA, Halpern J, Merigan TC. Development of a didanosine (ddI) resistance mutation in 64 HIV-infected patients switched from zidovudine (ZDV) to ddI monotherapy: relationship to CD4+ T cell changes and virus burden. Annals of Internal Medicine 1994;121:253-268.
Lipshutz RJ, Morris D, Chee M, Hubbell E, Kozal MJ, Shah N, Shen N, Yang R, Fodor SPA. Using oligonucleotide probe arrays to access genetic diversity. Biotechniques 1995;19:442-447.
Shapiro JM, Winters MA, Kozal MJ, Merigan TC. Saquinavir monotherapy trial: prolonged suppression of viral load and resistance mutations with higher dosage. Annals of Internal Medicine 1996;124:1039-1050.
Kozal MJ, Shah N, Shen N, Yang R, Fucini R, Merigan TC, Richman DD, Chee M, Gingeras TR. Extensive polymorphism observed in HIV-1 clade B protease gene using high density oligonucleotide arrays: implication for therapy. Nature Medicine 1996; 2:753-8.
Kozal MJ. Cross-resistance patterns among HIV-1 protease inhibitors. AIDS Patient Care and STD 2004 Vol 18 # 4; 199-208.
Kozal MJ, Amico KR, Chiarella J, Schreibman T, Cornman D, Fisher W, Fisher J, Friedland G. Antiretroviral resistance and high-risk transmission behavior among HIV+ patients in clinical care. AIDS 2004; 18(16):2185-9.
MacArthur RD, Chen L, Peng G, Novak RM, van den Berg-Wolf M, Kozal M, et al. Efficacy and Safety of ABC+3TC versus ddI+d4T in AR-Naïve persons on their FIRST HAART regimen: the NRTI substudy of the CPCRA 058 FIRST Study. HIV Clinical Trials 2004;5(6):361-70.
Novak RM, Chen L, MacArthur RD, Baxter J, Huppler Hullsiek K, Peng G, Xiang Y, Henley C, Schmetter B, Uy J, van den Berg-Wolf and Kozal M for the CPCRA 058 Study Team. Prevalence of Antiretroviral Drug Resistance Mutations in Chronically HIV-Infected, Treatment Naïve Participants in the CPCRA FIRST Study: Implications for Routine Resistance Screening Prior to Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2005; 40(3):468-74.
Kozal MJ, Amico KR, Chiarella J, Cornman D, Fisher W, Fisher J, Friedland G. HIV Drug Resistance and HIV Transmission Risk Behaviors in Injection Drug Users. Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome 2005;40(1):106-109.
Kozal MJ, Amico KR, Chiarella J, et al. A Population Based and Longitudinal Study of Sexual Behavior and Multidrug Resistant HIV Among Patients in Clinical Care. e-Journal International AIDS Society, 2006; 8(2): 72-79.
Kozal MJ, Huppler Hullsiek K, Leduc R, et al. Prevalence and Impact of HIV-1 Protease Codon 33 Mutations and Polymorphisms in Treatment-Naïve and Treatment-Experienced Patients Enrolling in Clinical Trials. Antiviral Therapy 2006; 11(4):457-463.
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